A Complete Guide to Buy-to-Let Mortgages for New and Experienced Landlords

Carl Pearce • 15 December 2025

Share this article

Investing in property remains one of the UK’s most popular ways to build long-term wealth — and buy-to-let (BTL) mortgages sit at the heart of that strategy. Whether you’re considering your first rental property or expanding an existing portfolio, understanding how buy-to-let mortgages work can make a huge difference to your returns.


This guide breaks down the essentials, from affordability rules to deposit requirements, rental stress tests and tips to boost your chances of approval.


What Is a Buy-to-Let Mortgage?

A buy-to-let mortgage is specifically designed for people who want to purchase a property to rent out to tenants, rather than to live in themselves. These mortgages work differently from standard residential loans because lenders focus more heavily on the projected rental income the property can generate.


Who Is a Buy-to-Let Mortgage For?

Buy-to-let mortgages are commonly used by:

  • First-time landlords looking to invest in property
  • Existing landlords expanding their portfolio
  • Investors interested in long-term capital growth
  • Individuals planning for retirement through rental income

You don’t have to own your residential home to get a BTL mortgage with all lenders, but it does help with some.


How Lenders Assess Buy-to-Let Applications


1. Rental Income (The Key Factor)

Lenders will stress-test the projected monthly rent against the mortgage payment. Typically, the rent needs to be 125%–145% of the mortgage interest payment, depending on your tax status.


2. Deposit Requirements

Buy-to-let mortgages usually need a larger deposit than residential. Expect:

  • 20%–25% deposit as standard
  • Lower rates often available with 40%+ deposit


3. Personal Income

Even though the property is the main focus, most lenders require a minimum personal income (often around £25,000 per year).


4. Credit Profile

A clean credit history helps, but adverse credit doesn’t always rule you out — specialist lenders may still help, especially if rental income is strong.


Buy-to-Let Mortgage Types

You’ll find similar options to residential mortgages:

  • Interest-only — the most common for landlords, keeping monthly payments lower
  • Repayment — ideal if you want to clear the balance over time
  • Fixed rates — stable payments for 2, 5 or even 10 years
  • Tracker rates — move in line with the Bank of England base rate


Pros of Buy-to-Let Investments

  • Steady rental income
  • Long-term house price growth potential
  • Ability to build a portfolio
  • Tax-deductible expenses (accountancy fees, letting fees, some interest via tax relief structure)


Risks to Be Aware Of

  • Periods without tenants (voids)
  • Property maintenance costs
  • Higher stamp duty on additional properties
  • Possible changes to tax legislation
  • Rising interest rates affecting rental yields


Should You Use a Limited Company for Buy-to-Let?

Many investors now purchase rental properties through a limited company (SPV) due to potential tax efficiencies. It isn’t the right choice for everyone — factors such as income, long-term goals and portfolio size all play a role.

A mortgage broker and a qualified tax adviser can help you decide the best structure.


Tips to Improve Your Buy-to-Let Mortgage Chances

  • Provide evidence of strong rental projections
  • Maintain a good credit profile
  • Have a clear plan (long-term let, holiday let, HMO, etc.)
  • Consider buying in areas with high rental demand
  • Work with a broker who has access to both high-street and specialist lenders


Final Thoughts

Buy-to-let remains a strong investment option when approached with the right strategy and guidance. The mortgage landscape can be complex, but with the right support, you can secure a deal that maximises your rental returns and suits your long-term goals.


📞 Need Expert Buy-to-Let Mortgage Advice?

If you’re looking to start or grow your property portfolio, we can help you find the most suitable lenders and guide you through the full process.
Get in touch via the website for personalised advice and options tailored to your goals.

Recent Posts

by Carl Pearce 23 January 2026
Knowing what paperwork you’ll need can make the mortgage process far less stressful. Being prepared early helps avoid delays and gives lenders confidence in your application. This guide explains the documents first-time buyers are usually asked for when applying for a mortgage in the UK. Proof of Identity Lenders need to confirm who you are. You’ll usually need: A valid passport or driving licence Proof of address (such as a utility bill or bank statement) Documents normally need to be recent and clearly readable. Proof of Income This helps lenders assess affordability. Common examples include: Recent payslips P60 Employment contract Bank statements showing salary credits If you have variable income, lenders may ask for additional evidence. Bank Statements Most lenders request 3–6 months of bank statements . They’ll review: Regular income Day-to-day spending Existing financial commitments This helps confirm affordability and financial behaviour. Proof of Deposit You’ll need to show where your deposit comes from. This could include: Savings statements Gifted deposit letters Evidence of funds building up over time Transparency is important – lenders need to see the source of funds clearly. Credit Commitments Details of: Loans Credit cards Finance agreements These are often verified against your credit report. Documents FAQs What if I can’t find a document? An adviser can usually suggest alternatives that lenders may accept. Do documents need to be originals? Most lenders accept digital copies, provided they are clear and complete. Be Prepared and Apply With Confidence Having your documents ready before you apply can make the mortgage process smoother and quicker. If you’re unsure what you’ll need or want help preparing, a mortgage adviser can guide you through it step by step. Clear, supportive mortgage advice for first-time buyers.
by Carl Pearce 21 January 2026
Saving a deposit is often the biggest challenge for first-time buyers. If you’ve managed to save 5% , you might be wondering whether that’s enough to buy your first home – and the good news is that yes, it can be . This guide explains how 5% deposit mortgages work, what lenders look for, and what to be aware of before you apply. Is a 5% Deposit Mortgage Possible? Many UK lenders offer mortgages with a 5% deposit , particularly for first-time buyers. This means: You borrow 95% of the property value Your deposit covers the remaining 5% Availability can change depending on market conditions, but 5% deposit mortgages are a common starting point for many buyers. What Lenders Look For With a 5% Deposit Because the lender is taking on more risk, criteria can be stricter. Lenders will usually look closely at: Your income and affordability Your credit history Job stability Monthly commitments Having a clean, well-managed credit history is especially important when applying with a smaller deposit. Pros and Cons of Buying With a 5% Deposit Advantages Get onto the property ladder sooner Smaller upfront savings required Things to consider Fewer mortgage options Higher interest rates compared to larger deposits Monthly payments may be higher It’s about balancing what’s affordable now with your longer-term plans. Alternatives if You Don’t Have 5% If you’re close but not quite there, options may include: Gifted deposits from family Continuing to save for a larger deposit Reviewing your budget to boost savings Understanding your options early can help you plan more confidently. 5% Deposit FAQs Do I need perfect credit for a 5% deposit mortgage? Not perfect, but a clean credit history will usually improve your chances. Can I use a gifted deposit? Yes, many lenders accept gifted deposits, provided certain conditions are met. Get Clear Before You Apply A 5% deposit can be enough to buy your first home, but it’s important to understand how it affects your mortgage choices. If you’re a first-time buyer considering a 5% deposit, getting advice early can help you decide whether it’s the right move for you. Friendly mortgage advice for first-time buyers across the UK.
by Carl Pearce 19 January 2026
Worried about your credit score? Find out what UK mortgage lenders really look for when first-time buyers apply.